UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis | 5 May 2022
Samajho's Android app | Samajho's IOS app | Youtube Channel | Telegram Channel | Instagram Channel
What the article is about?
- Talks about the unemployment crisis, and the impact of the pandemic.
Syllabus: GS-III Issues relating growth and development, employment
Unemployment crisis:
- According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE)’s Consumer Pyramids Household Survey, employment in India fell from 408.9 million in 2019-20 to 387.2 million in 2020-21 and then recovered to 401.8 million in 2021-22.
- The recovery in 2021-22 was inadequate.
- Employment was still 1.7%, or 7 million short of the employment level of the pre-pandemic year of 2019-20.
- Employment was on a declining trend even before the pandemic:
- it was falling at the rate of about 0.31% per annum.
- If that trend had continued uninterrupted by the pandemic, employment would have fallen by about 2.5 million from 408.9 million in 2019-20 to 406.3 million in 2021-22.
Impact of the pandemic:
- Nearly 78 million jobs were lost during the quarter of June 2020, which roughly coincides with the first wave of COVID-19.
- Similarly, 13 million jobs were lost during the second wave during the quarter of June 2021.
- Most jobs lost during lockdowns were of the informal kinds.
- Women accounted for less than 11% of all jobs in 2019-20, but they accounted for nearly 52% of the 7 million job losses since then.
- In urban India: women accounted for only 9% of total employment but accounted for a massive 76% of the job losses.
- The female labour force participation rate among urban women was abysmally low at 9.4% in 2019-20 and fell to 7% in 2021-22.
- Working from home with the rest of the family also at home made it harder for women compared to the hardship of commuting to work.
- It is going to be difficult to cover the 3.6 million loss of employment among women during the pandemic.
- Working from home also does not help those who have to go to work such as small traders/vendors and daily wage labourers, who account for the largest share of employment in India.
- The count of entrepreneurs who, like small traders and daily wage labourers, also have the freedom to work when conditions permit has also come down – from 78 million in 2019-20 to 75 million in 2021-22.
- The biggest relative fall in employment is in the category of salaried employees (6.8%).
- About 5.9 million salaried employees have lost employment in the two years of the pandemic.
- Unlike daily wage labourers, small traders and entrepreneurs, salaried employees cannot go back to work at will.
- Except for a few high-skill jobs, finding a new salaried job is difficult.
Conclusion:
- Employing women and providing salaried jobs are the two big challenges that the pandemic has posed that are going to be difficult to tackle soon.
Recent Articles
- An exchange – Analyzing the Vaibhav Fellowship Program | 26 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- India’s problem — different drugs, identical brand names – Drug Name Confusion Threatens Patient Safety in India | 25 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- The truth about India’s booming toy exports – Protectionism or Productivity? | 24 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- Tax contribution by States needs to be revisited – Time to Recognize State Efficiency through Tax Contribution | 23 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- A revival of the IMEC idea amid choppy geopolitics – Could India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) become the New Silk Road? | 22 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- Gearing up for change – Monsoon Trends in India: Analyzing the Impact on Agriculture and Climate Resilience | 20 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- Crafting a new phase in India-U.K. defence ties – Strengthening India-U.K. Defense Cooperation | 19 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- Turning around Indian Ports – Enhancing India’s Global Competitiveness through Port Efficiency | 18 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- A dated urban vision – Mumbai Trans Harbour Link: A Dated Mode of City-Making from Times Past | 17 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
- Tensions in Red Sea – Red Sea Threats Disrupt India’s Trade Flows | 16 January 2024 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis
Popular Articles
- UPSC CSE 2022 Mains GS 1 Paper Model Answers
- Model Answers for UPSC CSE 2021 GS 2 Paper
- SPR 2023 | SPECIES IN NEWS
- UPSC CSE 2023 Mains GS 2 Paper Model Answers
- Model Answers for UPSC CSE 2020 GS 2 Paper
- UPSC CSE 2023 Mains GS 1 Paper Model Answers
- PDS: objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping
- Land Revenue System during British rule in India
- Govt policies & interventions for development in various sectors, and issues arising out of their design and implementation
- UPSC CSE 2022 Mains GS 2 Paper Model Answers
Popular Topics
ART & CULTURE
CASE STUDIES
COMMITTEES & SUMMITS
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
ECONOMICS
ECONOMICS PREMIUM
ECONOMICS STATIC
ECONOMIC SURVEY
EDITORIAL
ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENT PREMIUM
ETHICS
GEOGRAPHY
GEOGRAPHY PREMIUM
GEOGRAPHY STATIC
HEALTH
HISTORY
HISTORY PREMIUM
HISTORY STATIC
INDIAN POLITY
INDIAN POLITY PREMIUM
INDIAN POLITY STATIC
INTEGRITY & APTITUDE
INTERNAL SECURITY & DEFENSE
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
LITE SUBSCRIPTION PREMIUM
MAINS
MAINS CORNER PREMIUM
PLUS SUBSCRIPTION PREMIUM
POLITY & GOVERNANCE
PRELIMS
PRELIMS CURRENT AFFAIRS MAGAZINE
PRO SUBSCRIPTION PREMIUM
REPORTS
SAMAJHO'S CORNER PREMIUM
SAMAJHO ANALYSIS
SAMAJHO CORNER PREMIUM
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SELF PREPARATION
SMAP ANSWER WRITING
SOCIETY
SPR
SYLLABUS
TELEGRAM
YOJANA GIST