Stringency Index
Context: The Oxford University has created a Stringency Index which shows how strict a country’s measures were and at what stage of the Covid-19 spread, it enforced these. India enforced one of the strongest lockdowns at an early phase of case growth.
Relevance:
Prelims: Current events of national and international importance.
Mains: GS II-
- Issues relating to the development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Stringency Index |
- About
- The Government Response Stringency Index is a composite measure based on various response indicators including school and workplace closures, stay-at-home policies, and travel bans, rescaled to a value from 0 to 100.
- A higher index score indicates a higher level of stringency (100 = strictest response).
- It is among the metrics used by the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT).
- The Tracker has a team of 100 Oxford community members who update a database of 17 indicators of government response.
- Death Curve and Stringency Score
- The Index also provides an overlay of countries’ death curves and their stringency score.
- Eighteen countries were compared for the highest death count at the strongest measures.
- Italy, Spain, or France saw their deaths just begin to flatten as they reached their highest stringency.
- China’s death curve saw a little or no change after it put stronger measures.
- In the UK, the US, and India, the death curve has not flattened even after the imposition of the strictest measures.
- India’s Comparison
- The Index has found that India has one of the strongest lockdown measures in the world, at a 100 score since 22nd March, when the nationwide lockdown was first imposed.
- India called its strict lockdown at a much earlier point on its case and death curves when compared to other countries with a similar or higher caseload.
- Response on WHO’s Recommendations
- The researchers also examined if countries meet four of the six World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations for relaxing physical distancing measures.
- The four of them are
- Control transmission to a level the healthcare system can manage.
- The healthcare system can detect and isolate all cases (not just serious ones).
- Manage transfer to and from high-risk transmission zones.
- Community engagement.
- The four of them are
- It was found that no countries meet the four measured recommendations, but 20 are close.
- India scored 0.7 (below Australia, Thailand, Taiwan, and South Korea) because it scored 0 for controlling its cases.
- The highest scorers on this index, at 0.9, were Iceland, Hong Kong, Croatia, and Trinidad & Tobago.
- By 22nd March, India saw only 4 deaths while others saw more deaths.
- The researchers also examined if countries meet four of the six World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations for relaxing physical distancing measures.
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